python optparse how to set a args of list? -

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i want pass data script, 

if __name__ == '__main__':     usage = 'python pull.py [-h <host>][-p <port>][-r <risk>]arg1[,arg2..]'     parser = optionparser(usage)     parser.add_option('-o', '--host', dest='host', default='127.0.0.1',     ┊   help='mongodb host')     parser.add_option('-p', '--port', dest='port', default=27017,     ┊   help="mongodb port")     parser.add_option('-r', "--risk", dest='risk', default="high",     ┊   help="the risk of site, choice 'high', 'middle', 'low', 'all'")     options, args = parser.parse_args()

in script, if want set ./test.py -r high , middle, how can set ['high', 'middle'] in optparse?

https://docs.python.org/2/library/optparse.html#standard-option-types

"choice" options subtype of "string" options. choices option attribute (a sequence of strings) defines set of allowed option arguments. optparse.check_choice() compares user-supplied option arguments against master list , raises optionvalueerror if invalid string given.

e.g:

parser.add_option('-r', '--risk', dest='risk', default='high',     type='choice', choices=('high', 'medium', 'low', 'all'),     help="the risk of site, choice 'high', 'middle', 'low', 'all'")

if want able pass multiple values --risk, should use action="append":

an option’s action determines optparse when encounters option on command-line. standard option actions hard-coded optparse are:

...

  • "append" [relevant: type, dest, nargs, choices]

    the option must followed argument, appended list in dest. if no default value dest supplied, empty list automatically created when optparse first encounters option on command-line. if nargs > 1, multiple arguments consumed, , tuple of length nargs appended dest.

also beware of combining action="append" default=['high'], because you'll end in having 'high' in options.risk.

parser.add_option('-r', '--risk', dest='risk', default=[], nargs=1,     type='choice', choices=('high', 'medium', 'low'), action='append',     help="the risk of site, choice 'high', 'middle', 'low'")

usage:

>>> options, args = parser.parse_args(['-r','high','-r','medium']) >>> options.risk ['high', 'medium']

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